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Charlie munger’s biography

C

i have been reading this biography for the last few days. Doing it for the second time. I have always admired charlie munger for his wisdom and the perspective he brings to investing, business and life in general.

i have read and re-read his talks on – mental models : multipdiscplinary approach to investing, his talk on 24 type of human misjudgement and several others. These talks are phenomenal and has opened an entirely new way of thinking for me .

I can say that along with warren buffet, charlie munger has influenced me a lot.

A few learnings from charlie biography for me have been
– act honorably / honestly . Treat people fairly. You never know when you will meet them again
– money is means to an end. It helps you to achieve financial freedom so that you can do what you love. money should not be an end in itself
– be rational. Rationality is more important than IQ
– keep an open mind . Always be inquisite . learning is a life long process
– learn from as many disciplines as possible. As charlie say – To a man with a hammer , every problem is like a nail. Learn the key models , and try to use them to solve problems
– reading should be with a purpose in mind. It should help one in building one’s knowledge

i could go on and on. frankly enjoying myself reading this biography for the second. i am also looking forward to charlie’s new book which is coming out in may.

if anyone is interested in his speeches , let me know. would be glad to share it. not sure if i can post them here .

The rise of LN Mittal – lessons for investors

T

LN mittal has been in limelight for quite some. He is now in limelight for being the third richest person in the world. everyone seems to be focussing on his networth. I am more interested in how he got there

i have read about him in the past and read about him in an article in the economic times. His key skill is in identifying bankrupt , beaten down steel plants / companies . He is able to value this company correctly and acquire it at that price ( in may cases the owner or goverment is desperate to offload it ). He then proceeds to turn it around and make it profitable.

By applying this strategy across the globe in various situations, LN mittal has been able to build an empire , cut cost and initiate consolidation in this industry.

The following comes to mind on seeing this happen

– A company in the commodity industry can have a sustainable competetive advantages from two sources – superior management and enduring low cost position ( which is also dependent on a superior management )

– Consolidation in a commodity industry improves the profitability of the top firms as it gives them better pricing power.

– mittal steel it seems also is vertically integrated in ore and coke ( two key raw materials ). So with horizontal consolidation, he is also vertically consolidating. This gives him better pricing power.

– He is expanding into new geography and trying to closer to demand ( China / India etc ). This will give him flexibility in the future to manage demand fluctuations. Other companies across the world are restricted to some geography and so if the demand drops in that region , they are in deep trouble.

What is happening also highlights another point of the importance of a good management for commodity industry. Bad managements in the steel industry have run their companies aground and have been in red for quite some time. Recent demand surge and firm prices have given them a lease of life ( and they are promptly started increasing capacity ). Lets see how they manage the next downturn.

LN mittal’s story has been a live case study for me see how a superior management can make a difference even in a commodity industry ( and that too as bad as steel ). vice versa a commodity industry cannot tolerate bad management ( a franchise company like FMCG can for some time )

That he is an indian is beside the point. The sad part is we are happy that an ‘indian’ has made it !! sad because , he could not have achieved it in india …he had to leave the country to achieve his ambitions. Hopefully in the future we will not force such people to look outside the country and would provide the atmosphere within the country

The Warren buffet partnership letters – Protecting the down side

T

One of the things warren buffet repeats across his letter is his focus on limiting the downside to his portfolio. He considers a performance of -10% v/s -20 % of Dow better than a +20% v/s +10% of the dow. This clearly demonstrates the fact (which he has pointed out too ) that the portfolio was unconventional but also had a lower risk.
Warren buffet had put this approach in the inital letters and made it one of the key objectives in managing the portfolio.
The above approach bring to mind the quote from buffet –
rule 1 – Dont lose money
Rule 2 – dont forget rule 1

This is a very powerful approach to manage a portfolio. If one is convinced that the stock market would do well over the long term , and can limit the downside of the portfolio during bear markets , then as even buffet acknowldeged ,even if one cannot match the market on the upside , one should come out fine.

The Warren buffet partnership letters – part II

T

I have been reading the letters further and have read till the 1965 letter. After initial formal / fact driven style of letters, the latter ones are more informative and one can see the buffet humor in those letter coming through. These letters are closer to the BRK letter from the chairman and i was quite surprised to find example, quotes which buffet has repeated later through his BRK letters.

He discusses the ‘joys of compounding’ in the latter letters and stresses on the importance of compounding at a higher than average rate and the impact on one’s terminal networth.

There is a section on taxes (which has appeared later in the BRK letters) which discusses the importance of focussing on the post tax returns and focussing on investing based on this measure. Buffet points out to the folly of trying to minimise taxes at the cost of the post tax returns. He stresses on focussing on post tax returns and if the course of action enables the investor to save taxes , then thats added benefit. however the ‘means’ should not be confused with the ‘end’.

In addition buffet discusses about a workout (arbitrage) situation as an example. These workout enable buffet to post a great performance during the down markets. The second category is ‘generals’ which is mainly the undervalued stocks and this was the highest proportion of the partnership most of the times.

The third portion is the control situation and buffet has discussed about dempster mills in detail and how he was able to extract value out of it . The point he makes several times is the focus on buying at a such a good price that a mediocore sale is good enough. He even states that buying is 90 % of the task and selling the balance 10%. This is illuminating !!!

i am enjoying reading the letters

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