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Old flames and Old affairs

O

I have had love affairs with Gujarat gas, concor, asian paints, Blue star etc in the past. The original thesis when investing in these stocks played out and the final results were far better than what I had expected.
Then like all affairs, it was time to part. A few of these stocks got overvalued and I moved on.

Now unlike old girlfriends, there is no harm in revisiting these old relationships from time to time. You know the company, its management well and if you held it for a long time, then you would have become comfortable with the business too. So I tend to track these old flames regularly and if I find them to be attractive again, I will go ahead and invest again in them.

They key point when investing in the same stocks again is to avoid becoming emotional with these stocks which have treated you well in the past. It is important to analyse these companies as if you are analysing a new stock and check the price value relationship. If there is a substaintial gap, then I am fairly comfortable re-investing again.

Case in point : Gujarat gas. I sold off this stock by end of 2006 thinking that the stock was overvalued, after having held the stock for 3 years. Then last year on checking the fundamentals, I realised some of the risk in terms of gas pricing had been handled pretty well by the company. In addition the company has expanded its area of operations further and is doing very well. With the current spike in fuel prices, I think the company should do well for the next few years.

So no harm in revisiting these old flames from time to time and re-starting the old relationships again. Ofcourse I mean stocks and not girlfriends 🙂 . Now this is one post my wife should not read (she hardly reads them anyway, so I am safe I guess).

Inflation and debt

I

I have been reviewing the results of some companies and a few points are standing out

– raw material cost, over heads and labor costs are now increasing faster than sales
– Net margins are stable or coming down. Profit growth has slowed
– Debt may start getting repriced soon. As a result interest costs could start increasing

Maybe this is not news. However the above has the following implications

– valuations for the market and several companies is still based on the low inflation, high growth and high ROE environment of 2002-2007. If we have stagflation (high inflation and low growth), we could see prices drop sharply.
– Some companies in response to high growth, have taken on large amounts of debt. If we have stagflation, these companies could get hit very badly. The stock price for such companies could plunge sharply.
– In contrast companies with strong competitive advantage and low debt can maintain margins due to pricing power of their products and low interest costs. Such companies may see lower impact to their stock price.

I am not predicting a long period of high inflation and low growth and cannot be sure if we will see drop in stock prices. History (mid 1990’s) gives us a clue. During mid 90’s in response to high inflation, RBI hiked the interest rates to around 15% and we had a period of low growth from 1997-1999. Stock market returns were also poor during this period.

Does it mean that we should sell our stocks and wait for the clouds to clear. I would say no. The future is never crystal clear. It never was and never will be. What we can, however be sure is that good companies, with strong sustianable competitive advantage, will do well in inflationary and recessionary times.

What such times gives us is low prices due to the pesimissm. These low prices can be used to invest in good companies at attractive prices to build a good portfolio. However this is not easy and not for the faint hearted. If the inflation drops and the growth picks up quickly , then the returns could be good in the short term. However if economic situation takes time to turnaround, then be prepared to wait for a long time for the returns to materialize.

What is hot today ?

W

I wrote about ‘rear view mirror investing’ in my previous post. What it essentially means is buying yesterday’s winners. As a far as long term investing is concerned, you will rarely make money buying yesterday’s winners. If like me, you believe that value investing is the way to go, then the focus has to be on companies and sectors which are currently out of fashion.

Lets try to invert – What is hot today. Let me think aloud and put a quick list below

Oil
Gold
Other Commodities like wheat, corn, metals etc
Energy companies (out of india ofcourse)
Real estate – In india it is a sure thing to make money and get rich 🙂

If you thought that this kind of investing was limited to investors, think again. Seasoned businessmen are prone to similar biases. Think telecom in US in 1998-2000 when companies invested huge sums of money in building capacity and then went bankrupt when the demand never materialized.

The same may be happening in real estate ..see this article and this. Maybe this is just a blip. But when real estate price (per sqft) starts becoming costlier than US, singapore, UK etc there is something funny happening.

So why do most people do it ? two reasons i can think of
– social proof : if everyone else is doing and making money, it must be right and i must do it too.
– laziness : If you imitate others, you dont have to think and take responsibility for your own decisions

Like driving, if you invest looking into the rear view mirror, then be prepared to get hurt (hopefully not badly).

The above may work for traders, momentum players etc. That is however not my area of competence and so you have to evaluate the above statement in light of long term investing.

Rear view mirror investing

R

Was reading this article – mutual fund NAVs take the plunge. The following caught my eye

“The high erosion in the NAVs is the outcome of heavy concentration by mutual fund industry in sectors like banking, real estate, capital goods, engineering, cement and construction which were going great guns in 2007, but have eroded sharply this year. Most schemes had comfortably ignored sectors like pharma, FMCG and IT, which have started to perform now. So, the funds that failed to tap in these opportunities then are paying a heavy price today.”

The above statement gives me such a feeling of deja-vu. History repeats itself in the stock market, again and again. I saw the same thing happen in 2000 with IT. Most of the mutual funds piled into the IT sector, right before the crash. The same seems to have happened now.

Ofcourse it takes courage of conviction to go against the crowd. It is not rocket science to figure out that a company selling at 70 times earnings could be overvalued. But then most of the fund managers, wanting to keep their jobs are more worried about their quarterly performance than doing well in the long run.

For those who say that the small investor is at a disadvantage v/s the pros, I would say it is complete hogwash. All other factors aside, as a small investor I am personally not forced to invest in the current hot stocks. At the cost of looking like a moron in the short run, I can afford to pickup undervalued scrips which will give me good long term returns. That advantage alone is more than all other advantages the big boys have such as more research, access to management etc.

This rear view approach is however not limited to the big boys alone. Unfortunately a lot of small investors do the same. However if they lose money, they end up blaming everyone except themselves.

I am guilty of doing the same thing in the past. However the sensible thing I did was to blame myself completely for the losses. It is not that I mindlessly go against the crowd ( I wont cross the road with a red signal when everyone else is standing on the sidewalk for the sake of going against the crowd 🙂 ).

If am looking at a company, I need to convince myself why the market is undervaluing the company and what is my variant perception. For stocks which favored by everyone else, I have generally found that the market is either too optimistic or is valuing them fairly and hence it is unlikely that I will make good returns.

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